5. Hawk Short Immediate Instructions

Part of the Hawk Manual
by Douglas W. Jones
THE UNIVERSITY OF IOWA Department of Computer Science

Contents

5.1. Short Immediate Format
5.2. Load Immediate


5.1. Short Immediate Format

07060504 03020100 15141312 11100908
1 1 0 - dst const

The 2 instructions in the short immediate format are 16 bits long, incorporating an 8 bit constant.

5.2. Load Immediate

07060504 03020100 15141312 11100908                        
1 1 0 1 dst (nz) const LIS dst,const r[dst] = sx(const)
1 1 0 0 dst (nz) const ORIS dst,const r[dst]=r[dst]«8∨const

LIS      
ORIS
NZVC unchanged

The LIS (load immediate short) instruction loads the destination register with the sign extended 8 bit constant. Thus, it can be used to load any value between -128 and +127. The ORIS instruction shifts the destination register 8 places left and then puts the 8 bit unsigned constant into the least significant 8 bits of the register. Neither instruction sets the condition codes. Register zero should never be used as a destination with these instructions. Some Hawk CPUs may detect this case and treat it as an illegal instruction or give it an alternative meaning.

Hawk assemblers should provide the mnemonic CLR to clear a register, so that CLR R5 is equivalent to LIS R5,0

07060504 03020100 15141312 11100908                        
1 1 0 1 dst (nz) 0 0 0 0  0 0 0 0 CLR dst r[dst] = 0

An arbitrary 32-bit value can be loaded into a register using an LIL instruction to load the most significant 24 bits of the constant followed by an ORIS instruction to load the bottom 8 bits. Hawk assemblers should provide a macro, LIW (load immediate word) so that, for example, LIW R3,X generates the following two instructions:

        LIL     R3, X >> 8
        ORIS    R3, X & #FF